skinner



No. f i|7,864. A A A PatentedlanQ l7. 1399.

c, SKINNER.

APPARATUS FOR SEPABATING MATERIALS BY CENTRH- 'UGAL FORCE.

(Application filed Dec. 7, 1896.)

(N9 Model.)

5 Sheets-Shut I.

Patented Jan. [7,1899.

No. M864.

0. SKINNER. APPARATUS FUR SEPARATING MATERIALS BY CENTRIFUGAL FURCE.

(Applibation filed 1m. 7, 1896.)

5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

Patented Jan. 17, I899. c. SKINNEB.

APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING MATERIALS BY CENTRIFUGAL FDRCEN (Applicationfiled Dec. 7, 1896.)

5 SheatsfSheet 3.

(Nu Model.)

.f I Mia 6556a.-

yw mi Patented lan. l7, I899.

No. 6I7,864.

c. SKINNEBQ APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING MATERIALS BY GENTBIFUGAL FORGE.

(Applicatiozi filed Dec. 7, 1896.)

5 Sheets$haet 4.

(No Model.)

ummni ill?! No. 617,864. Patented Jan. 17, I899.

' c. SKINNER.

APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING MATERIALS BY'CENTRIFUGAL FORGE.

(App1ica.tion filed Dec. '7, 1896.)

(N0 Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

I ififivewea 1795M M 4 45 moving particles of material by suitabletheirTATEES ATENT was,

AUSTIN, or SAME PLACE.

AP AR TUS FOR SEPARATINIG', MATERIALS BY C'ENTRIFUGALFORCE.

srn'crnos'rmn forming m of Letters Patent No. 617,864, dated January 17,less Application filed December7, 1896. Serial No. 614,140. on model.)

To all whom it may concern: 4 Be it known that I, COURTLAND SKINNER, acitizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cookand State of Illi- 5 nois, have invented a certain new and use fulImprovement in Apparatus for Separating Materials by Centrifugal Force,of which the following is a specification. l. My invention relates-ingeneral to centrife IO ugal apparatus adapted for treating pulverized orgranular masses composed. of substances havingdifferent degrees ofspecific gravity so as to separate the heavier from the lightcrones; andit relates in particular to'a I 5 variety of centrifugal apparatus inwhich-the lighter particles of the'outwardlyfiying mass of material arestopped and carried back in-I wardly by an opposing fluid streamercurrent, while the heavier'ones are allowed 1; continue their outwardmovement.

Prominent objects of my invention are to provide a simple, practical,and efiicient ap paratus of the class specified; to insure certaintyandaccuracy of action in the sepa- 2 5 ratingprocess; to arrange for thequick, effective, and accurate regulation of the machine 'With referenceto materials having unlike diiferences between the degree-of specificgravity-of theirheavierand lighter particles; to allow the operation ofthe apparatus under the most favorable and advantageous circumstances;to simplify its construction and reduce its cost of manufacture andmainte nance, and to providecertain novel features and details servingto increase the generalef- 'ficiency and utility of centrifugalseparators; In a centrifugal separator characterized bymy invention arotary receptacle adapted to receive and subject, the materials to cen-40 trifugal force is immersed in a relatively stationary or non-rotativebody of fluid. The rotary receptacle is provided with suitable passagesthrough which the fluid is forced inwardly and in opposition to theoutwardlya means independent of the means by which thematerial isprojected outwardly, so as to permit of its degree of force being variedindependently of the degree of centrifugal force 7 to which the materialis subjected. In this way, when di fierent materials are treated, the

degreeof centrifugal force can be maintained :tent most desirable forseparation, and when so varied the degree of force of the fluid streamor current can be properly rcla- "'tiveiy adjusted.

' Thetiuid which is forced in opposition to the outwardly-movingparticles of material could bea liquid, such as water, or it couid be agas, such air or steam, although 'i'.

find that in the form of apparatus which I have invented for carryingout my invention it IS I advantageous to slightly modify certain minorfeatures, according as a liquid or a gas is employed. cations forpatents, this one, and another filed contemporaneously with this one andserially numbered 614, 7-11, and'have described in this one an apparatushaving the minor details particularly fitting it to utilize a liquidcurlherefore I have filed two appli-' rent or stream, and in the otherone a similar apparatus having the minor detaiis par ticularly fittingit vto utilize a gaseous currentor stream, and have chosen to'ernbody inthis application the broad oz-generic claims of my invention. Hence itwill be understood that while 1 herein use the term liquid the broaderfeatures of the invention adapt it for use with a gas as welhas will beobserved by reference to other said application.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of aseparating apparatus embodying my'invention. Fig. 2 is a verticalsection of the separator in which-the separating process occurs, takenon a plane passing through the axis of rotation of itstreatment-chamber. Figs. 3 and 4 are horizontal sections taken on lines3 3 and 4.- 4, respectively, in Fig. 2. Fig. 5 isa section similar ItoFig. 2, showing a preferred form of sepsrator. Fig. 6 is ahorizontalsection taken on line 6 6 in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a vertical section, takenon an. enlarged scale, of certain details of construction. embodied inthe arrangement illustrated in Fig. 5; and Fig, 8 is a vertical sectionof a separator having a modified arrangement for recovering theheavierparticles of material.

The material to be treated-such, for instance, as mineral-ore pul p'isusually mixedwith water or other suitable liquid, so that it can bereadily fed into the treatment-chamber and can be prevented fromobjectionably flying about when finely ground. The mixture thus formedis desirably confined preparatory to treatment in a suitable i'eservoirA, Fig. 1, which latter is conveniently mounted upon a standard orsupport A and it flows from such reservoir A by way of a suitabledelivery feed-pipe A; attached to the lower end thereof. It is fed bythe feed-pipe A into the rotary treatment-chamber provided by a rotaryreceptacle 13*, (see Fig. 2,) a convenient arrangement therefor being toarrange a laterally-extending end portion of the feed-pipe A within asuitableopening at the top of the receptacle B and to extend the samedownwardly nearly to the bottom or floor of such receptacle; In this waythe ,efficient and uniform distribution of the material within thetreatment-chamber is assured. The material thus delivered to the rotarytreatment chamber is projected outwardly from the axis of rotationof thereceptacle B in opposition to a liquid current or stream which is forcedinto and inwardly within a surrounding liquid receiving chamberconveniently provided by a vertically-arranged inclosing shell or casingB'-as, for example,

by way of a suitable liquid-supply pipe C,.

attached to'the upper end of the shell Band *thence into thetreatment-chamber provided by the receptacle B by way of suitable sideopenings with which the latter is provided. As a result the particles ofthe lighter substance are stopped at the side openings in the receptacleB and carried back within the latter,while those of the heaviersubstance continue their movement in an outward direction through theside openings in the receptacle B and into the liquid receiving chamberprovided by the shell or casing B. In this way it will be seen thateither the dey gree of centrifugal force to whichthe material issubjectcdor the opposingfluid force can be independently regulated orvaried so as to sustain any desired relation to the other by varyingeither the speed of rotation of the receptacle B or the pressure underwhich the fluid is supplied, and also that both of the same can besimultaneously varied so as to allow either one to be givena desireddegree and the other to sustain any given relation to it after it hasbeen adjusted to such degree by simultaneously regulating oradjustingthe speed of rotation and the degree of fluidpressure. For example, thefluidtop B pressure can be regulated with reference to differentmaterials-that is to say, materials having unlike differences betweenthe degrees of specific gravity of their heavier and lightersubstances-while the speed of rotation is maintained constant, or thespeed of rotation can be varied while the fluid-pressure is maintainedconstant, or both the speed of rotation and the degree of fluid-pressurecan be regulated simultaneously, but in unlike amounts. Consequently Iam enabled to successfully treat all grades of material and to treatthem all in the most efficient and .eli'ectivemanner' and under the mostadvantageous circumstances, it being observed that each grade ofmaterial must be subjected to a degree of centrifugal force sufficientto establish between its heavier and lighter substances such adifference of momentum as to allow their ready and accurate separation.While this rotary receptacle 13 could of course be of any suitableconstruction and could be provided in any suitable way with openings 0for permitting the escape from within of the heavier particles ofmaterial and also for allowing the entrance'of the opposing liquidstreamor current, I prefer the arrangement and construction shown in thedrawings and 5 consider that they constitute matters of further andspecific improvement.

The receptacle shown comprises a flat diskshaped top B, having anopening for the feed-pipe A, a bottom B and a series of long slats bextending between said bottom and top and arranged in circular formwithin the outer edges of the top B and ibottom B, so as to leave aprotected space intervening .between the circular treatment-chamber wall10 5 which they form and the wall of the shell or casing B. This spaceallows the liquid entering the liquid-chamber by way of the pipe 0' tocirculate to an extent to acquire an even and uniform inward forcebefore entering the 1 1o treatment-chamber. The outer edges of the andthe bottom B of the receptacle are desirably extended outward nearly tothe walls of the shell or casing B, whereby the water entering throughthe pipe 0 is not di- 1 15 rected immediately against the rotatingreceptacle, and also whereby particles of matter are prevented fromfalling until they' reach the vicinity of the walls of the shell orcasing B. These slats b are situated at such 1 2o distances apart asltoform intervening longi- 1 tudinal side openings b, extending from top tobottom of the receptacle. They are also desirably inclin d transverselyfrom radial directions, so that the openings 1) are trans- I2 5 verselynon-radial and so allow the easy exit of the heavy particles and"the'entrance of the water or other liquid during rotation. Said slats b arealso desirably constructed, with pointed inner vertical edges, so thatthe :30 particles of material are not only prevented from collectingupon the inner edges of said slats,.but are allowed to move freelyoutward into the intervening openings. The companatively thick outeredges of the slats b are desirably situated close together, so that the-intervening openings 1) are outwardly com.

. tracted to an extent to formlong narrow encompassed and well-definedopenings; These openings permit the opposition of the'inflow-..

in g liquid stream or current to the outwardlyflying particles ofmaterial to occur at a fixed I distance from the axis of rotation and insuch,

ID a comparatively small andnearly encomr passed-region that while theheavier particles can pass easily out of the treatment-chamber 2 5infiowing liquid current or streamthat isto say, the momentum of theparticles is greatest at the upper eudof the treatment-chamber, wherethe force of the liquid stream is greatest, owing to the pipe 0 beingattached tothe upper endfof the shell or casing B, and it graduallydiminishes in a downward direction in accorda'ncc with. the decreaseintheforce of the liquid stream as the distance from its point ofentrance is increased. The rotary receptacle thus formed isconvenientlymounted for rotation at the upper end of a rotarydriving-shaft E, having a pulley E and worle ung in suitable bearings eand a, formed, respectively, in the bottom of the shell or cas- 4o ingBandon the lower portion of a suitable frame D, which supports thelatter. The liquid stream or current forced into the rotarytreatment-chamber is conveniently allowed to leave the same by way ofthe open- 5 log formed in the top B and receiving the way of a cylindricextension or hollow journal ,which is desirably formed at the upe'nd ofthe material feed-pipeA and also by per end of the receptacle B? andaround the opening in the'top B and which serves as an upper journalforthe receptacle. As a simple arrangement for draining the liquid streamthus arising from the treatment-chambe'r Ihave shown an annular vessel Barran ed above the. casin B and'around the 3 0 upper end of thecylindric extension B and having an internal opening 13, whose loweredge registers with'the upper edge of the'lat- I ter, and having, also aspont z=B extending downwardlyfrorc its outer periphery I The heavierparticles of material after'passing out .of the treatment-chamber intothe liquid-chainber' provided ,'by"the casing B".

continue to move outwardly in the latte'r'un'til they reach theregion ofquietnear the walls of the casing B and there fall to the bottom ofthe-same, where'they are firstreceived by being-observed that in eithercase they are .Thdspace between the 'B' and the walls of the rotaryreceptacle B 1.00 which space serves as a space for receiving 19 Figs. 5and. 6.

the marginal portion of the disk B which latter will tend to drive themby centrifugal force to its'outer edge, where they will again fall andbe collected by any suitable device. As an arrangement for withdrawingorrecovering such heavy particles I have shown .in Fig. 2 a removablepan or drawer H, ar-

ranged between a horizontal shelf B having 7 5 circumferential openings2), and the bottom :orfloor of the shell or casing B. As anotherarrangement Ihave shown in Fig. 8 a chamber .H;;- sitflatedbelowtheshelf-B and havinga spout H which is provided with a valve or cock ht Bythis latter arrangement there can be withdrawn from the separator asufficient quantity of the liquid to remove the heavy particles settlingin thechamber H".

Such latter arrangement is desirable for the reason that it permits thecontinuous operation of the separator, while in the former 'arrangementthe action must be stopped and 'the liquid J drawn deft" in order toallow the withdrawal of the pan or drawer B o In the arrangement shownin Fig. 8 the shaft E' is shown confined within a sleeve E which extendsin an upward direction sub stantially to the shelf 13", whereby theparticles of material within the chamber H are 9 5 not subjected tocentrifugal force, which would otherwise result from the rotation ofsuch shaft.

walls-of the casing the heavy particles preparatory to their re covery,can, if desired, be provided with a series of radial]y-extendingwalls orportions- These will" serve to prevent any rotation of the liquid insuch space,

and will thereby serve to allow the heavy particles to fall quickly andunmolested to .the bottomof the liquid chamber.

The particles of material canbe prevented, from settling upon the bottomor floor B of the treatment-chamber by forcing liquid upward through a'series of upwardlymlirectio'ned openings or passages, such as b Fig.

7 formed in' 'such floor. These openings or 1 15 passages'b 'can -besituated near the outer edge of the chamben'floor and can be inwardlyinclined, whereby a very few of them will admit liquidenough to lift'theparticles. The

liquid can be conveyedto these openings b 126 by way of the rotarysupporting-shaft E, which can for such purpose be constructed with alongitudinal bore E When thus constructed, it can'be connected with thereceptacle by means ofa hollow casting, whose 12 5 I chamber E can serveas a medium of com---' munication between the openings 1) and the bore Eof the shaft E. The'shaft' E can in such case be mounted at its lowerend in a suitable water-tight bearing, and the latter 130' can beconnected-with a suitable liquid-supply. by means of a pipe E. Thisportion of the apparatus B, comprising the rotaryre ceptacleB theinclosing shell or casing B,

plied with liquid from any suitable source by means of a pipe The liquidin the tank 0 can thus be subjected to any desired degree ofpressure-as, for instance, by forcing air or other g'as under pressureinto the tank through a pipe (3, attached to its upper end and connectedwith suitable means for supplying air or the like under pressure, whichmay be assumed to be present.

It is obvious that where the particles in a given mass of material aresubstantially equal in size the heavier will be separated from thelighter. It is not so clear, however, that separationwill take placeshould the particles ing sizes in water. 0

happen to be of equal falling sizes. By equal falling sizes is meantsuch sizes as will permit particles to fall the same distance through agiven medium, notwithstanding a difference in the specific gravity ofsuch particles. Hence it will lie shown mathematically that separationwill occur in such case also. Take, for. example, a massof materialcomposed principally of iron pyrites and quartz. The specific gravitiesof these ingredients are known to be 4.9 and 2.6, respectively, andspheres thereof having diameters bearing the ratio of one and two-thirdsto four", respectively, are known to be equal fall- Let the speedimparted to the particles by the rotation ofthe rotary receptacle bedesignated by the letter S and the water-pressure by the letter P. Thenthe momentum in each case will be the product of the volume, thespecific gravity, and the velocitythat is, in the case of the pyrites4.9 S, or 22.78, and-in the case of the quartz (4) 2.6 X S, or 41.68.The opposing force in each case willbe'the product of the surfaceexposed by each particle into the water-pressurethat is, in the case ofthe pyrites 2 X P, or 2.8P; and in the case of the quartz (4) X P, or16P.- Now in order to cause separation, the momentum of .the particlesof pyrites must be greater than the water force opposing the movementand the momentum of the particles of quartz must be less than the waterforce opposing their movement-- that is, 22.75 281 and 41.68 16P, or,inverting the latter, 161 41.65. Now if a true arithmetical inequalitycan be obtained from these two inequalities the proposition will beestablished. To such end multiply together the latter when considered inthe same sense, and the result will be 363.2SP 116.48SP. Then remove theconstant SP from both sides, and the true arithmetical inequality 363.2116.48 remains, thus establishing the operativenessof the process forequal falling sizes. In order to determine the ratio which thevelocityof the particles and the water-pressure must bear to each other in thiscase, reduce the original inequalities to their simplest forms in termsof P;,thus, 8.18 P and 2.6S P. That is tosay, for a mass of materialcomposed of pyrites and quartz the water-pressure must be between 2.6and 8.1 times the velocity imparted to the particles when such factorsare expressed in any absolute system of measurements.

What I claim is=-- 1. In a separator in which the materials areseparated by'the cooperation of centrifugal force and an opposingfluids-current, a'rotary -receptacle for subjecting the materials tocontrifu gal force im mersed in a non-rotative body .of fluid, saidreceptacle being provided with one or more passages-wherein the saidmaterials and fluid will meet in opposition; a suitable tank orreceptacle for inclosing or hold-x ing said body of fluid; independentmeans for forcing said fluid inwardly through said passages inopposition to the outwardly-moving materials, and means for varyingsuchfluid-pressure independently of and without varying the speed of therotary receptacle;

the said rotary receptacle being adapted and arranged for anindependently-variable rotation, whereby the centrifugal force may bevaried independently of and without varying the said fluid-pressure.

2.- In a separator in which the materials are separated by thecooperation of centrifugal force and an opposing fluid-current, an outerstationary shell or casing forming an exterior inclosing chamber; arotary receptacle for subjecting the materials to centrifugal force,inclosed within-said stationary shell or casing, and having sideopenings; means for supplying the rotary receptacle With the materialsto be separated; means for rotating said receptacle; means for supplyingfluid under pressure to said stationary inclosi ng uhamber, and meansfor discharging or carrying oif the fluid and lighter particles ofmatter; the said side openings in the rotary receptacle being adapted toaiford passages, wherein the said materials and fluid will meet inopposition; the relatively heavy particles of matter being allowed topass out into the stationary chamber, while the relatively lightparticles are carried back into the rotary receptacle, and, with thefluid, discharged from the separator, substantially as described.

3. In a separator in which the materials are separated by thecooperation of centrifugal force and an opposing fluid-current, thecombination of a rotary receptacle adapted to receive and subject thematerials to centrifugal force, and having side openings or passages inwhich the said materials'and fluid will meet in opposition; a relativelystationary fluid-chamber inclosing the said rotary receptacle; meansfol-supplying fluid under pressure to said stationary chamber; and

means adapted to prevent the rotation of the fluid in said stationarychamber, substantially as described. r

4. In a separator in which the materials are separated by thecooperation of centrifugal force and an opposing fluid-current, a rotaryreceptacle immersed in a non-rotative body of fluid and adapted toreceive and subject the materials to centrifugal force; said receptaclehaving upwardly flaring or divergent side walls provided withoutwardly-contracted openings adapted to form passages wherein the saidmaterials and fluid will meet in. opposition; a suitable tankor' casingfor inclfosing said body of fluid, and means for forcing the saidfluid-inwardly through said passages in opposition to the outwardly.moving materials. 5. In a separator in which the materials are separatedby the cooperation of' centrifugal force andlan opposing fluid-current,a rotary. receptacle immersed in a non-rotative body of fluid andadapted to receive and subject the materials are separated by thecoiiperation of centrifugal force and an opposing fluid-current, arotary receptacle adaptedtosubject the materials to centrifugal force,and having upwardly flaring or divergent side walls pro- I yided withtangential and outwardly-contracted openings; and means for supplyingfluid under pressure the said openings being adapted to afford passagesin which-the said materials and the saidflnid will meet in op position,substantially as and for the purpose described- 7. in a centrifugalseparator, a rotary material-receiving chamber for subjecting thematerials to centrifugal force and havin gone i or more passages; a,relatively stationary or vnon-rotative body of fluid surrounding saidrotary receptacle, and independent means for forcin said fluid -inwardlythrough said passages in opposition to the ceutrifugally-projectedmaterials; the said rotary receptacle being also provided at its topwith an outlet for discharging both the said fluid and lighter particlesof matter. r e

8. In a centrifugal separator, a rotary material-receiving chamberhaving annular externally-arranged upper and lower flanges,

the former adapted to deflect and regulatethe flowof fluid underpressure, and the .latter arranged to receive and direct the heavyparticles of matter after separation and preparatory to recovery; meansfor supplying fluid under'pressure located at a point above the saidupper flange, and means for placing the said fluid in opposition to thematerials at a time when the latter are subjected to ecutrifugal force,substantially as described.

9. In a separator, in which the materials are separated by thecooperation of centrifugal' force. and an opposing fluid-current, arotary material-receiving chamber comprising upper and lower disksforming top and hottom flanges respectively, and side walls composed ofvertical slats or the like arranged meet in opposition; the said upperdisk being adapted to deflect and regulate the flow of fluid underpressure, and-the lower disk be- 80 .toprovida in .elfect, openings orpassaggs in which the said materials and fillld will ing arranged toreceive and direct the heavy particles of matter after separation andpreparatory to recovery, substantially as described. i

10. In a separator, in which the materials are separated by thecooperation of centrifugal force and an opposing fluid 'curren't,arotaryfmaterial-receiving chamber comprising upper and lower disks andintermediate side walls composed of slats, or the like; the said.

slat-s being arranged to provide openings or passages in which the saidmaterials and fluid will meet in opposition, and the said upper diskbeing provided with an open ng; a hollow journal communicating with theopening in said upper disk, apd adapted to provide an upwarddischarge-passage for the said fluid and lighter particles of matter,and a stuiflngbox for said hollow journal, substantially'as described.

1L In a separator in which the materials are separated by thecooperation of centrifugal force and an opposing fluid-current, a rotarymaterial-receiving chamber adapted to subject the materials tocentrifugal force, and having its lower end or floor provided withfluid-inlet openings, and means, independent of the main fluid-supply,for forcing fluid through said inlet-openings, thereby preventing thematerials from settling or accumulating on the floorof the said rotarychamber, substantially as described.

12. In a separator in which the materials are separated by thecooperation of centrifugal force and an opposing fluid-current, a rotarymaterial-receiving chamber having its lower end or floor provided withupwardly directioned inlet-openings; a rotary shaft connected with saidchamber and having a bore communicating with said inlet-openings;

and means for forcing fluid, through said shaft,

and'openings, into said chamber for the purpose of preventing thematerials from settling on the floor of said rotary chamber,substantially as described.

are separated by the cooperation of centrifugal force and an opposingfluid-current, the combination of a rotary receptacle providing 13.-In aseparator in which the materials a rotary treatment-chamber, and arelatively stationary fluid-chamber inclosing the rotary receptacle andprovided with radiallyfdisposed stationary walls or partitions extendingoutwardly from the side walls of the said receptacle; the said radialpartitions being adapted to prevent rotation on the part of the fluid insaidinclosin'g chamber, substantially as described.

14. A centrifugal separator comprising an outer stationary inclo'singshell or casin g, providing an exterior chamber adapted for primarilyreceiving and containing fluid under pressure, and also for receivingthe comparativel y heavy particles of material preparatory to recovery;and an internally-arranged rotary receptacle inclosed within said shellor casin g and providing a centrifugal treatmentchamber having its upperend provided with an opening adapted to serve both as a material-inletand a fluid-outlet; said rotary r e, ceptacle also having its side wallsprovided with openings adapted to serve both as inlets for the fluid andas outlets for the comparati vel y heavy particles of material, as setforth.

15. A centrifugal separator comprising an outer stationary inclosin gshell or casing, providing'an exterior chamber adapted for primarilyreceiving and containing fluid under pressure,and also for receiving thecomparati v'ely heavy particles of material preparatory to recovery; aninternally-arranged rotary receptac'le inclosed within said shell orcasing and providing a centrifugal treatment-chamber having its upperend. provided with an opening adapted to serve both as a materialinletand a fluid-outlet, and having its side walls provided with openingsadapted to serve both as inlet's'for thefluid and as outlets for thecomparatively heavy particles of material; andmeans -for withdrawing thesaid comparativelyheavy materials from the'outer chamber, substantiallyas described 1 16. Ina separator-in which the materials' are separatedby the cooperation of centrifugal force and an opposing fluid-current,a'rotary receptacle adapted to subject the materials to centrifugalforce and having its lower end or floor provided with inlet-openings,and

means for forcingfluid into' the receptacle by way of said opening forthe purpose of agitat ing the materials and preventing the same jectthematerials to centrifugal force and having side walls provided withopenings or passages wherein the said materials and fluid will meet inopposition; the base of said receptacle being extended to provide anannu-' lar flange adapted to receive and direct the heavy particles ofmatter after separation and preparatory. to recovery; the said flangeforming practically the floor or bottom of the outer stationaryfluid-chamber, and having suflieie nt space between its outer edge andthe easingto permit the heavy particles of material to pass downwardlyto a collecting-receptacle, substantially as described.

- 18. In a centrifugal separator in which granular materials areseparated by the cooperation of centrifugal force and an opposingfluidcurrent, a rotary material-receiving chamber adapted to subject thematerials to centrifugal force,and having side openings or passageswherein the said materials and fluid will meet in opposition, and alsohaving an annular externally-arranged flange above said side openings,adapted to deflect and regulate the flow of fluid under pressure; astationary chamber inclosing said rotary receptacle, and'a fluidsupplyinlet, located above said flange, for supplying said stationary chamberwith fluid under pressure, substantially as described.

'CO-URTLAND SKINNER.

Witnesses. I

' A. F. DURAND RETAM. WAGNER.

